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Medical >> Nursing Abbreviations

Look through 1745 acronyms and abbreviations related to Nursing:

• DEX — (DXT) Blood Sugar
• PPROM — Preterm Premature Rupture of Mebrane
• MNO — Minorities in Nursing Organization
• CPR — Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
• Q24H — Every 24 Hours
• MBCHB — Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery/Chirurgery
• ANP-BC — Adult Nurse Practitioner- Board Certified
• CF — Cystic Fibrosis
• AANP — American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
• CTA — Clear To Auscultation (medical; lungs)
• MBBS — Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae (Latin: Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery)
• NP-C — Nurse Practitioner - Certified
• ACNP-BC — Acute Care Nurse Practitioner - Board Certified
• BS(HONS) — honours bachelor of science
• HEENT — head, ear, eyes, nose, throat
• PRN — ''pro re nata'' (Latin, "for the emergency", "as needed")
• Q12H — Every 12 Hours
• ASAP — As Soon As Possible (pronounced AY-sap)
• REEDA — Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Drainage, Approximation
• S.GL. — without correction (without glasses)
• C/W — Consistent With
• MT(ASCP) — medical technologist certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• PERRLA — Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodate to distance. Technically fuller version of PEARL above, used by nurses and doctors on patients notes.
• COPD — Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• N V — nausea and vomiting
• IRBBB — Incomplete Right Bundle Branch Block
• POTN — Plants of Tasmania Nursery
• PPNS — Petaluma Parent Nursery School
• AIDS — Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (see also SIDS and HIV)
• DM — Diabetes mellitus
• AMB — Ambulate
• CHF — Congestive Heart Failure
• DOB — Date Of Birth
• ECG — Electrocardiogram
• Q6H — Every 6 Hours
• PAC — Premature Atrial Contraction
• DCH — Doctor of Surgery
• TX — Treatment (medical)
• CABG — Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
• ANR — Adult Nursing Relationship
• FAOTA — Fellow of the American Occupational Therapy Association
• F/U — Follow up appointment
• AF — Atrial Fibrillation
• PNRC — Punjab Nurses Registration Council
• MM — Millimeter
• TCDB — Turn, Cough, Deep Breathe
• BA(HONS) — honours bachelor of arts
• ROM — Range Of Motion
• DAT — Diet As Tolerated
• CBG — Capillary Blood Glucose

• R/O — Rule Out
• KVO — Keep Vein Open
• CO2 — Carbon Dioxide
• WHO — World Health Organization
• M(ASCP) — medical technologist in microbiology certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• PNSS — Pre Nursery Stepping Stone
• MRI — Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• CVA — Cerebrovascular Accident
• BPM — Beats Per Minute
• STAT — Immediately (from Latin statim)
• ANCC — American Nurses Credentialing Center
• FACSM — Fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine
• CNA — Certified Nursing Assistant
• ESRD — End Stage Renal Disease (US Federal Program)
• PNAE — Paediatric Nursing Associations of Europe
• OSPE — Objective Structured Practical Examination
• CBC — Complete Blood Count
• FACPM — Fellow of the American College of Preventive Medicine
• PNP — Practical Nursing Program
• C S — culture adn sensitivity
• FAPHA — Fellow of the American Public Health Association
• B CELLS — white blood cells
• APNP — Advanced Practice Nurse Prescriber
• CT — Computed Tomography
• OTC — Over The Counter (medications not requiring a prescription)
• RN-BC — Registered Nurse, Board Certified
• ACL — Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ligament often torn in knee injuries)
• IV — Intravenous
• DOA — dead on arrival
• PVT — Paroxysmal Ventricular Tachycardia
• H(ASCP) — medical technologist in hematology certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• THR — Total Hip Replacement
• ACTH — Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
• S-A NODE — sinoatrial node
• ADH — Antidiuretic Hormone
• LMP — Last Menstrual Period
• PHN — Public health nurses
• C(ASCP) — technologist in chemistry certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• YR — Years old
• AAANA — American Academy of Ambulatory Nursing Administration
• FACAAI — fellow of the american college of allergy, asthma & immunology
• AMI — acute myocardial infarction
• GI — Gastrointestinal
• T CELLS — lymphocytes originating in the thymus gland
• PLNC — Professional Legal Nurse Consultants
• FDA — Food Drug Administration
• CNS — Central Nervous System
• FX — Fracture
• PHNL — Public Health Nurse Leader
• BRP — Bathroom Privileges

• KG — Kilogram
• NKA — No Known Allergies
• PEEP — positive end expiratory pressure
• CBS — Capillary Blood Sugar
• BRBPR — Bright Red Blood Per Rectum
• DDX — Differential Diagnosis
• NAD — No Acute Distress
• A-VO2 — arteriovenous oxygen
• S/P — Status Post
• BP — Blood Pressure
• ACLS — Advanced Cardiac Life Support
• CLS(NCA) — clinical laboratory scientist holding the credential through the national certification agency for medical laboratory personnel
• CT(ASCP) — cytotechnologist certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• DIC — disseminated intravascular coagulation
• ADL — activity of daily living
• SVD — Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery
• DX — Diagnosis
• CVP — Central Venous Pressure
• ER — Emergency Room
• C-SPI — Certified Specialist in Poison Information
• CBI — Continuous Bladder Irrigation
• ASHD — Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease
• CPD — Cephalopelvic Disproportion
• CRNP — Certified Registered Nurse Practitioner
• DNR — Do Not Resuscitate
• LNMP — Last Normal Menstrual Period
• DVM — Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
• I(ASCP) — medical technologist in immunology certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• GANM — Global Alliance for Nursing and Midwifery
• UTI — Urinary Tract Infection
• FEV — Forced Expiratory Volume (measure Of Lung Function)
• S.Q. — subcutaneous
• TAANA — The American Association of Nurse Attorneys
• AAA — abdominal aortic aneurysm
• H&P — history and physical examination
• TB — Tuberculosis
• PMH — Past Medical History
• CM — Centimeter
• DNA — Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
• BUN — Blood Urea Nitrogen
• ECF — Extracellular Fluid
• QARANC — Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps
• QAINS — Queen Alexandra's Imperial Nursing Service
• DL — Deciliter
• CSF — Cerebrospinal Fluid
• AFO — Ankle-Foot Orthosis
• CRRT — Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
• TUIP — Transurethral incision of the prostate
• CAD — Coronary Artery Disease
• SBO — Small Bowel Obstruction

• TW — twice a week
• LVEDP — CO)-left ventricular end diastolic pressure
• Q4H — Every 4 Hours
• ASD — Atrial Septal Defect
• PT — Physical Therapy
• NMR — Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• ML — milliliter; 1/1000 liter
• AS — Aortic Stenosis
• EEG — Electro-EncephaloGram
• UV — Ultraviolet (Light)
• LDH — Lactate dehydrogenase
• MAR — Medication Administration Record
• RA — Rheumatoid Arthritis
• ABG — Arterial Blood Gas "Sats"
• CTS — Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
• BX — Biopsy
• OT — Occupational Therapy
• M — Million
• ARF — Acute Renal Failure
• ANA — Antinuclear Antibody
• SBFT — Small Bowel Follow Through
• CRF — Chronic Renal Failure
• PCP — Primary Care Physician
• DJD — Degenerative Joint Disease
• TAH-BSO — total abdominal hysteretomy-bilateral  salpingo-oophorectomy
• HGB — Hemoglobin
• CNN — Certified Nephrology Nurse
• CCU — Coronary Care Unit
• C — with (usually written with a bar on top of the "c")
• MD — Doctor of Medicine
• CMSRN — Certified Medical-Surgical Registered Nurse
• IM — Intramuscular
• NKDA — No Known Durg Allergies
• NPC — Nurse Practitioner, Certified
• VSS — Vital Signs Stable
• ECC — Emergency Cardiac Care
• S — without (usually written with a bar on top of the "s")
• RBBB — Right Bundle Branch Block
• CC — Chief Complaint
• H — Hour
• LBBB — Left Bundle Branch Block
• ORIF — Open Reduction Internal Fixation
• CRNFA — Certified Registered Nurse First Assistant
• CPAP — Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
• RBC — Red Blood Cell
• WT — Weight
• FHR — Fetal Heart Rate
• BSW — Bachelor of Social Work
• ED — Emergency Department
• AMA — Against Medical Advice

• RRR — Regular Rate and Rhythm
• M — Meter
• PARA 2 — woman having produced two viableoffspring
• NACL — Sodium Chloride
• MG — Magnesium
• CC — Cubic Centimeter
• EBL — Estimated Blood Loss
• CRT — Capillary Refill Time
• NSS — Normal Saline Solution
• PARA 3 — woman having produced three viableoffspring
• WD/WN — well developed, well nourished
• RPT — Registered Physical Therapist
• ARNP — Advanced Registered Nurse Practitioner
• PA — Physician Assistant
• GP — General Practitioner
• TIBC — Total Iron Binding Capacity
• AWHONN — Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
• OD — Doctor of Optometry
• TPN — Total Parenteral Nutrition
• SVR — Systemic Vascular Resistance
• QS/QT — shunt fraction
• NEA-BC — Nurse Executive Advanced-Board Certified
• O2 — Oxygen
• HCT — Hematocrit
• BILAT — Bilateral
• GU — Genitourinary
• NP — Nurse Practitioner
• RRT — Registered Respiratory Therapist
• RNA — Ribo Nucleic Acid
• WF/BF — white female/black female
• DON — Director Of Nursing
• PROM — Premature Rupture of Membranes
• GRAV.1 — first pregnancy
• MCV — Mean Corpuscular Volume
• Q — Quaque (Latin: each, every; used in medical prescriptions)
• G — Gram (g)
• MMSE — Mini Mental State Examination
• HR — Hour
• MLT — Medical Laboratory Technician
• UAO — Upper Airway Obstruction
• RNNP — Registered Nurse-Nurse Practitioner
• DKA — Diabetic Ketoacidosis
• TBSA — Total Body Surface Area
• PHD — Doctor of Philosophy
• DTR — Deep Tendon Reflex
• HX — History
• IVP — Intravenous Pyelogram
• JVD — Jugular Venous Distention
• I&O — Intake & Output
• D/C — Discontinue

• ATN — Acute Tubular Necrosis
• PROM — Passive Range Of Motion
• L — Liter
• DP — Doctor of Pharmacy
• HPI — History of Present Illness
• EMG — Electromyogram
• CA — Calcium
• PWB — Partial Weight Bearing
• ALT — Alanine Transaminase
• AU — Both Ears
• NICU — Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
• AACN — American Association of Critical-Care Nurses
• C/O — Complains Of
• SOAP — Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan
• DPL — Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage
• INH — Isoniazid
• MG — milligram; 1/1000 gram
• PE — Pulmonary Embolism
• COTA — Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant
• PO — By Mouth
• RN — Registered Nurse
• MSC — Master of Science
• LAHB — Left Anterior Hemiblock
• CMV — Cytomegalovirus
• AKA — Above Knee Amputation (orthopaedic Usage)
• LOC — Loss of Consciousness
• PMI — Point of Maximum Impulse
• CIN — Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia
• MVA — Motor Vehicle Accident
• APRN — Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
• ARDS — Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• KCL — Potassium Chloride
• AML — Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
• ESR — Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
• MAP — Mean Arterial Pressure
• BS — Blood Sugar
• SNF — Skilled Nursing Facility
• BMI — Body Mass Index
• CO — Cardiac Output
• LAT — Lateral
• CHOL — Cholesterol
• BMR — Basal Metabolic Rate
• PVD — Peripheral Vascular Disease
• EMV — eyes, motor, verbal response
• QT — Quart
• ETOH — Ethanol
• OOB — Out of Bed
• BOM — Bilateral Otitis Media
• CRNA — Certified registered nurse anesthetist
• C&S — Culture and Sensitivity

• SIDS — Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
• SOB — Short of breath
• BA — Bachelor of Arts
• GTT — Drop
• MSW — Master of Social Work
• CRCL — Creatinine Clearance
• HTN — Hypertension
• BMS — Bachelor of Medical Science
• EBV — Epstein-Barr virus
• LFT — Liver Function Test
• PCN — Penicillin
• SSRI — Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
• MI — Myocardial Infarction
• NCV — Nerve Conduction Velocity
• CHO — Carbohydrate
• DNC — Dermatology Nurse Certified
• AHA — American Hospital Association
• STD — sexually transmitted disease
• ARRT — American Registry of Radiologic Technologists
• CAPD — Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
• QS — Quantity Sufficient
• PET — positron emission tomography
• BPHN — bachelor of public health nursing
• SIG — let it be labeled
• TNTC — Too Numerous To Count
• RR — Respiratory Rate
• ADN — Associate Degree in Nursing
• BID — Twice A Day
• RMA — Registered Medical Assistant
• PVC — Premature Ventricular Contraction
• OPV — Oral Polio Vaccine
• MA — Master of Arts
• DNS — Doctor of Nursing Science
• BSA — Body Surface Area
• HOB — Head of Bed
• OU — Oculus Uterque (Both Eyes Together)
• TVH — Total Vaginal Hysterectomy
• EDC — Estimated Date of Confinement
• PCWP — Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure
• RIH — Right Inguinal Hernia
• DI — Diabetes Insipidus
• ECF — Extended Care Facility
• STH — Somatotropic Hormone
• APN — Advanced Practice Nurse
• CIN — Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
• A/G — albumin/globulin ratio
• IPD — Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis
• AAN — American Academy of Nursing
• UVJ — Ureterovesical Junction
• AANA — American Association of Nurse Anesthetists

• H/O — History of
• TIA — Transient Ischemic Attack
• FBS — fasting blood sugar
• OA — Osteo-Arthritis
• ABA — American Board of Anesthesiology, Inc.
• AFP — Alpha Fetoprotein
• DA — Dental Assistant
• ALT — Alanine Aminotransferase
• I&D — Incision and Drainage
• IVF — in vitro fertilization;
• ALP — Alkaline Phosphatase
• NPO — Nothing By Mouth
• RUQ — Right Upper Quadrant
• FA — Fatty Acid
• TNF — Tumor Necrosis Factor
• UGI — Upper Gastrointestinal
• AB — Asthmatic Bronchitis
• TAB — Tablet
• PCV — packed cell volume (of blood)
• ANP — Adult Nurse Practitioner
• NSAID — Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug
• OM — Otitis Media
• AF — afebrile
• ERCP — Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography
• NSR — Normal Sinus Rhythm
• AGA — appropriate for gestational age
• SGOT — Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase
• CBD — Common Bile Duct
• DCH — Diploma in Child Health
• MT — Medical Technologist
• AST — Aspartate Aminotransferase
• UNG — OINtment
• SIADH — Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
• CNS — Clinical Nurse Specialist
• AC — Assist-Control (a form of mechanical ventilation)
• WM/BM — white male/black male
• AABA — American Anorexia/Bulimia Association
• BG — Blood Glucose
• CA — Carcinoma
• PHN — Public Health Nurse
• TID — ter in die (three times daily)
• APSGN — Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
• CRP — Cold Reactive Protein
• W/U — work up
• PCA — Patient-Controlled Analgesia
• L — Left
• PSA — Prostate-Specific Antigen
• LVH — Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
• RPN — Registered Practical Nurse
• ADA — American Diabetes Association

• LDL — Low-Density Lipoprotein (a type of cholesterol)
• UE — Upper Extremity
• CDA — Certified Dental Assistant
• RTA — Renal Tubular Acidosis
• PT — Prothrombin Time
• CI — Cardiac Index
• CMA — Certified Medical Assistant
• CPK — Creatinine Phosphokinase
• ALB — Albumin
• JAMA — Journal of the American Medical Association
• NIDDM — Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
• MAC — Monitored Anesthesia Care
• CDMS — Certified Disability Management Specialist
• GC — gonococcus (gonnorhea germ)
• BM BCH — bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery
• BSO — Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy
• LBP — Low Back Pain
• OD — Oculus Dexter
• LUQ — Left Upper Quadrant
• ALK PHOS — Alkaline Phosphatase
• OS — Oculus Sinister
• DC — Doctor of Chiropractic
• RTC — Return To Clinic
• FRCS — Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, London
• QD — quaque die (every day)
• AAN — Associate of Arts in Nursing
• SL — Sublingual
• PC — After Meals
• SN — Student Nurse
• RHD — Rheumatic Heart Disease
• NTP — normal temperature and pressure
• OR — Operating Room
• JCAHO — Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
• SCR — Serum Creatinine
• CSM — Circulation, Sensation, and Movement
• FACOG — Fellow Of The American College Of Obstetrics And Gynecology
• NG — Nanogram
• BBS — Bilateral Breath Sounds
• Y/O — years old
• OSA — Obstructive Sleep Apnea
• FH — Family History
• CPN — Certified Pediatric Nurse
• NTD — Neural Tube Defect
• ECT — ElectroConvulsive Therapy
• BBB — Bundle Branch Block
• RX — Treatment
• QOD — Every Other Day
• NAD — No Apparent Distress
• PTH — Parathyroid Hormone
• VSD — Ventricular Septal Defect

• TSH — thyroid stimulating hormone
• APRN — Advanced Practice Registered Nurses
• BDS — Bachelor of Dental Surgery
• ALS — Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis
• EOS — Eosinophil
• SBE — Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
• LE — Lower Extremity
• CCTC — Certified Clinical Transplant Coordinator
• FAAN — Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing
• PUD — Peptic Ulcer Disease
• CBG — Capillary Blood Gas
• CNP — Certified Nurse Practitioner
• OTR — Registered Occupational Therapist
• DC — Discharge
• P — Pressure
• HT(ASCP) — histotechnician certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• DC — discontinue
• SS — Social Services
• PG — Picogram
• NG — Nasogastric
• PTSD — posttraumatic stress disorder
• AV — Arteriovenous
• BCLS — Basic Cardiac Life Support
• QAM — Every morning
• DSC — Doctor of Science
• RX — prescriptions
• IVC — Inferior Vena Cava
• TAH — Total Abdominal Hysterectomy
• SQ — Subcutaneous
• US — Ultrasound
• URI — Upper Respiratory Infection
• LP — Lumbar Puncture
• RAI — Radioactive Iodine
• PALS — Pediatric Advanced Life Support
• WCC — Wound Care Certified
• HCV — hepatitis C virus
• FACC — fellow of the american college of cardiology
• ALL — Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
• TM — Tympanic Membrane
• MSN — Master Of Science In Nursing
• TIG — Tetanus Immune Globulin
• ORTHO — Orthopaedics
• CCU — Cardiac Care Unit
• RT — Radiation Therapy
• AARN — Alberta Association of Registered Nurses
• AODM — Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
• ACNP-C — Acute Care Nurse Practitioner, Certified
• MCL — Modified Chest Lead
• PG — Prostaglandin
• MDS — Master of Dental Surgery

• CP — Cerebral Palsy of New Jersey
• RPH — Registered Pharmacist
• PHRN — Pre-Hospital Registered Nurse
• TKR — Total Knee Replacement
• L — Literature
• REM — Rapid Eye Movement
• WB — Whole Blood
• IRDM — Insulin Resistant Diabetes Mellitus
• STM — Short Term Memory
• TLC — Total Lung Capacity
• NA — Sodium (Latin ''Natrium'')
• CDN — Certified Dialysis Nurse
• EDD — Doctor of Education
• CXR — Chest X-Ray
• HBP — High Blood Pressure
• N — Nitrogen
• K — Potassium
• HP(ASCP) — hemapheresis practitioner certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• RDMS — Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer
• RLQ — Right Lower Quadrant
• WBC — White blood cells
• METS — Metastases
• KUB — kidney, ureter, bladder (x-rays)
• AP — Auscultation and Percussion
• FAAFP — fellow of the american academy of family physicians
• LAP — Left Atrial Pressure
• BMT — Bone Marrow Transplantation
• PD — Peritoneal Dialysis
• CRRN — Certified Rehabilitation Registered Nurse
• TWE — Tap Water Enema
• VS — vital signs
• IPN — Immunisation Program Nurse
• DVT — Deep Vein Thrombosis
• FRCSC) — fellow of the royal college of surgeons of canada
• LAP — Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase
• L&W — Living and Well
• HHC — Home Health Care
• ACNP — Acute Care Nurse Practitioner
• CNM — Certified Nurse Midwifery
• AOCNS — Advanced Oncology Certified Clinical Nurse Specialist
• ARN — Association Of Rehabilitation Nurses
• DCP — Diploma in Clinical Pathology
• RAD — Radiation Absorbed Dose
• FE — Iron (Latin ''Ferrum'')
• CVAT — CVA tenderness
• PEJ — Percutaneous Endoscopic Jejunostomy
• PAP — Pulmonary Artery Pressure
• LNHA — Licensed Nursing Home Administrator
• ACE — Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
• RNT — Registered Nurse Teacher

• PD — Doctor of Pharmacy
• NB — Newborn
• T&C — Type and Cross
• UBW — Usual Body Weight
• LOC — Level Of Consciousness
• OD — OverDose
• ABR — American Board of Radiology
• BHYG — bachelor of hygiene
• PEPPA — PEPPA is an acronym for the PEPPA Framework or a Participatory Evidence-based Patient-focusedProcess for Advanced Practice Nursing Role Development
• LE — Lupus Erythematosus
• CPP — cerebral perfusion pressure
• R — Right
• PTA — Prior To Admission
• CAPA — Certified Ambulatory Perianesthesia Nurse
• HDL — High-Density Lipoprotein (a type of cholesterol)
• CFNP — Certified Family Nurse Practitioner
• Q2H — every two hours
• ETT — Endotracheal tube
• OGTT — Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
• RCA — Right Coronary Artery
• P.C. — after meals
• MAO — Monoamine Oxidase
• S/S — Signs and Symptoms
• DRE — Digital Rectal Examination
• AORN — Association of Perioperative Registered Nurses
• RDA — Registered Dental Assistant
• DMD — Doctor of Dental Medicine
• SCI — Spinal Cord Injury
• EGD — Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
• SC — Subcutaneous
• LLQ — left lower quadrant
• PTT — Partial Thromboplastin Time
• PTR — patient to return
• BI — Brain Injury
• TWB — Touch Weight Bear
• CIC — Certified in Infection Control
• PDA — Posterior Descending Artery
• RNC — Registered Nurse Certified
• IOL — Intraocular Lens
• SAB — Spontaneous Abortion
• CIS — Carcinoma in Situ
• D5W — 5% Dextrose in water
• RAD — Reactive Airway Disease
• MMOL — millimole
• A&W — Alive and Well
• FFP — fresh frozen plasma
• FACP — fellow of the american college of physicians
• AOCNP — Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner
• FCPS — fellow of the college of physicians and surgeons
• DAW — Dispense As Written

• DNCM — Dynamic Nursing Care Model
• GYN — Gynecology
• APRN,BC-PCM — advanced practice registered nurse, board certified-palliative care management
• AD LIB — As desired
• CP — Cleft Palate
• DES — diethyl sulphate
• CPFT — Certified Pulmonary Function Technologist
• LVN — Licensed Vocational Nurse
• BS — Bowel Sounds
• PE — Physical Examination
• RIA — Radio Immuno-Assay
• DPM — Doctor of Pediatric Medicine
• OCN — Oncology Certified Nurse
• COHN-S — Certified Occupational Health Nurse - Specialist
• ADD — Attention Deficit Disord
• RNFA — Registered Nurse First Assistant
• SLE — Systemic Lupus Erythematous
• ABD — Abdomen
• MVI — multivitamin injection
• AML — Acute Myelocytic Leukemia
• ASHD — AtheroSclerotic Heart Disease
• QNS — Quantity Not Sufficient
• AOB — Alcohol On Breath
• BB(ASCP) — technologist in blood banking certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• CCV — Critical Closing Volume
• DDSC — Doctor of Dental Science
• DNE — Doctor of Nursing Education
• QID — quattuor in die (four times a day)
• BHS — Bachelor of Health Science
• WF — White Female
• T — Time
• HTL(ASCP) — histotechnologist certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• RDCS — Registered Diagnostic Cardiac Sonographer
• CA — Cancer
• BE — Barium Enema
• NYD — Not Yet Diagnosed
• Q8H — Every 8 hours
• COLD — Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
• ASA — A Standard Aspirin
• ER — Estrogen Receptor
• CCRN — Critical Care Registered Nurse
• CX — Cervix
• CNRN — Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse
• BCAA — branched chain amino acids
• FACS — fellow of the american college of surgeons
• P — Pulse
• AI — Aortic Insufficiency
• POLYS — Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
• ENP — Emergency Nurse Practitioner
• MOM — Milk of Magnesia

• MLT(ASCP) — medical laboratory technician certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• Q2H — Every 2 Hours
• TT — Thrombin Time
• RV — Right Ventricle
• PID — pelvic inflammatory disease
• GTT — Glucose Tolerance Test
• FAEN — Fellow, Academy of Emergency Nursing
• NMT — Nuclear Medicine Technologist
• PHARMD — Doctor of Pharmacy
• NGT — NasoGastric Tube
• D/C — Discharge
• VO — Verbal Order
• ABP — American Board of Pediatrics
• CBE — Clinical Breast Examination
• PT — Patient
• A-V — ArterioVenous
• CWOCN — Certified Wound, Ostomy, Continence Nurse
• MMR — Measles, mumps, rubella
• PFT — Pulmonary Function Test
• DCM — Doctor of Comparative Medicine
• MC — Master of Surgery
• CEN — Certified Emergency Nurse
• ERT — Estrogen Replacement Therapy
• DNP — Doctor of Nursing Practice
• CHN — Certified Hemodialysis Nurse
• DPH — Doctor of Public Health
• MS — Mitral Stenosis
• FB — Foreign Body
• HCG — human chorionic gonadotopin
• HA — Headache
• WNL — Will Not Listen
• RAP — Right Atrial Pressure
• NVD — Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea
• SH — Social History
• RDA — Recommended Daily Allowance
• ETOH — Extremely Trashed Or Hammered
• MS — Master of Surgery
• POST-OP — after operation
• M — Milli
• BM — Bachelor of Medicine
• MPH — Master of Public Health
• PE — Pleural Effusion
• HBV — hepatitis B virus
• PE — pulmonary embolus
• KAFO — Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis
• SAST — Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase
• DMT — Doctor of Medical Technology
• ET — Endotracheal
• DNSC — Doctor of Nursing Science
• HG — Mercury (Latin Hydrargyrum)

• ROUB — Registered Ophthalmic Ultrasound Biometrist
• PEG — Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
• NCA — Nurse Controlled Analgesia
• FAMA — Fellow of the American Medical Association
• FD — Focal Distance
• I — Iodine
• MVV — Maximum Voluntary Ventilation
• P&PD — Percussion and Postural Drainage
• SRN — State Registered Nurse
• ET — Enterostomal Therapist
• ANA — American Nurses Association
• CCU — Critical Care Unit
• LES — Lower Esophageal Sphincter
• QHS — Every Night
• FIMLT — Fellow of the Institute of Medical Laboratory Technology
• RUL — Right Upper Lobectomy
• SRNA — Saskatchewan Registered Nurses' Association
• BEE — Basal Energy Expenditure
• CWCN — Certified Wound Care Nurse
• CARN — Certified Addiction Registered Nurse
• CFT — Complement-fixation Test
• CRT — Certified Respiratory Therapist
• RIJ — Right Internal Jugular
• TEE — Transesophageal Echocardiogram
• PRBC — packed red blood cells
• RPG — Retrograde Pyelogram
• HRT — Hormone Replacement Therapy (man-made drugs used to ease the symptoms of menopause)
• NWB — non-weight bearing
• LNC — Legal Nurse Consultant
• RGN — Registered General Nurse
• BSN — Bachelor of Science in Nursing
• DRNP — Doctor of Nursing Practice
• ED — Erectile Dysfunction
• COHN — Certified Occupational Health Nurse
• EOM — Extraocular muscle
• LIH — Left Inguinal Hernia
• PNH — Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
• DPT — Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
• TKO — To Keep Open
• NE-BC — Nurse Executive-Board Certified
• CCU — Clean Catch Urine
• DLM(ASCP) — diplomate in laboratory management certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• W/C — Wheelchair
• LLL — left lower lobectomy
• RDA LEVEL II — registered dental assistant level ii
• KOR — keep open rate
• CRNI — Certified Registered Nurse Infusion
• CUNP — Certified Urologic Nurse Practitioner
• LPN — Licensed Practice Nurse
• FRCP — Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (UK)

• H — Hydrogen
• BW — Body Weight
• CNMT — Certified Nuclear Medical Technologist
• CDONA/LTC — Certified Director of Nursing Administration/Long Term Care
• SM(ASCP) — specialist in microbiology certified by the american society for clinical pathology
• KI — Potassium Iodide
• OV — Office Visit
• RDW — Red Cell Distribution Width
• IPPB — intermittent positive pressure breathing
• PDR — Physician’s Desk Reference
• RNA — Registered Nurse Anesthetist
• ANNA — American Nephrology Nurses' Association
• LAD — Left Anterior Descending
• CCM — Certified Case Manager
• CETN — Certified Enterostomal Therapy Nurse
• NKDA — Non-Ketotic Diabetic Acidosis
• CP — Chest Pain
• CRNO — Certified Registered Nurse in Ophthalmology
• MBT — Maternal Blood Type
• SANE-A — Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner-Adult/Adolescent
• CHD — Doctor of Surgery
• SLS(ASCP) — specialist in laboratory safety certified by the american society for clinical pathology
• CCK — Cholecystokinin
• WBC — White Blood Count
• BKA — below-the-knee amputation
• CNE — Continuing Nursing Education
• RVT — Registered Vascular Technologist
• LFTS — Liver Function Test
• CPON — Certified Pediatric Oncology Nurse
• DN — Doctor of Nursing
• DRPH — Doctor of Public Health
• FAPA — fellow of the american psychiatric association
• SV(ASCP) — specialist in virology certified by the american society for clinical pathology
• BSM — Bachelor of Science in Medicine
• ACRN — AIDS Certified Registered Nurse
• SX — syndrome X
• CATH — Catheter
• HS — Hour of Sleep
• LPNA — Licensed Practical Nurses Association
• ASN — Associate of Science in Nursing
• AA — Associate of Arts
• LAD — Left Axis Deviation-Electrocardiogram
• PPD — Purified Protein Derivative
• EENT — eyes ears nose and throat
• FNP — Family Nurse Practitioner
• CLT(NCA) — certified laboratory technician holding the national certification agency for medical laboratory personnel
• VMA — Vanillymadelic Acid
• ADHD — attention deficit disorder-hyperactivity
• PABA — Para-Aminobenzoic Acid
• MN — Master of Nursing

• OB — obstetrics
• RAIU — Radioactive iodine uptake
• FDS — Fellow in Dental Surgery
• COHN-S/CM — Certified Occupational Health Nurse - Specialist/Case Manager
• ABEM — American Board of Emergency Medicine
• TTN — transient tachypnea of the newborn
• SNB — Singapore Nursing Board
• PERRLA — Pupils Equal, Round, React To Light, Accommodation
• AOCN — Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse
• DSE — Doctor of Sanitary Engineering
• SEM — systolic ejection murmur
• CIH — Certificate in Industrial Health
• SX — Signs
• SOPN — School of Psychiatric Nursing
• FACG — fellow of the american college of gastroenterology
• CGL — Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia
• CPHQ — Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality
• DMV — Doctorat en Médecine Vétérinaire
• VO — Voice Order
• NCT — Nuclear Cardiology Technologist
• NKMA — No Known Medcation Allergies
• MCV — Mean Cell Volume
• MRCP(UK) — membership in the royal college of physicians
• JVP — Jugular Venous Pressure
• CGN — Certified Gastroenterology Nurse
• IBD — Inflammatory Bowel Disease
• CN — Cranial Nerve
• CRTT — Certified Respiratory Therapy Technician
• RA — Right Atrium
• AD LIB — As Much As Needed
• ND — Doctor of Nursing
• CGRN — Certified Gastroenterology Registered Nurse
• CORN — Certified Operating Room Nurse
• UA — Urinalysis
• BSE — Breast Self-Examination
• FASRN — Fellow American Society of Registered Nurses
• MPHARM — master of pharmacy
• T3 — Triiodothyronine
• FACD — fellow of the american college of dentists
• CCCN — Certified Continence Care Nurse
• AAS — Associate of Arts and Sciences
• AST — Aspartate Transaminase
• PRE-OP — before operation
• D&C — Dilation and Curettage
• ABMG — American Board of Medical Genetics
• PER — By or Through
• BAE — Barium Enema
• GVHD — Graft Versus Host Disease
• CUCNS — Certified Urologic Clinical Nurse Specialist
• CVA — Costovertebral Angle

• GD — Gadolinium
• CEA — Cultured Epithelial Autograft
• T4 — Thyroxine
• T — Temperature
• MPH — Master of Pharmacy
• COCN — Certified Ostomy Care Nurse
• CHPN — certified hospice and palliative nurse
• ABPANC — American Board of Perianesthesia Nursing Certification, Inc.
• CCNS — Certified Clinical Nurse Specialist
• CDE — Certified Diabetic Educator
• R/T — Related To
• EN — Enrolled Nurse
• AONE — American Organization of Nurse Executives
• WM — White Male
• QH — quaque hora (every hour)
• WBC — white blood-cell
• CCPD — Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis
• CTRN — Certified Transport Registered Nurse
• EFAD — Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency
• ACNP — American College of Nurse Practitioners
• TUR — Transurethral Resection
• CNA-A — Certified Nursing Assistant, Advanced
• FCCP — Fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians
• BVNPT — Board of Vocational Nursing and Psychiatric Technicians
• RV — Residual Volume
• TTP — Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura
• SC(ASCP) — specialist in chemistry certified by the american society for clinical pathology
• SEN — State Enrolled Nurse
• AQ — Autism Quotient
• CLS — Clinical Laboratory Scientist
• DVT — Deep Venous Thrombosis
• RT — Respiratory Therapy
• CLT — Certified Laboratory Technician
• MB — Bachelor of Medicine
• CCNS — Critical Care Nurse Specialist
• EUA — Examination Under Anesthesia
• SCT(ASCP) — specialist in cytotechnology certified by the american society for clinical pathology
• CM — Certified Midwife
• IUD — Intra-Uterine Device
• TURP — Trans-Urethral Resection of the Prostate
• AV — Atrio-Ventricular (cardiac)
• CNSN — Certified Nutrition Support Nurse
• SW — Social Worker
• WHNP — Women's Health Nurse Practitioner
• SA — Sinoatrial
• GT — One drop
• SH(ASCP) — specialist in hematology certified by the american society for clinical pathology
• ITP — idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
• CNOR — Certified Nurse in the Operating Room
• PNP — Pediatric Nurse Practitioner

• CVN — Certified Vascular Nurse
• ABP — American Board of Pathology
• DVR — Doctor of Veterinary Radiology
• BW — Birth Weight
• MVD — doctor of veterinary medicine
• CPSN — Certified Plastic Surgical Nurse
• SBB(ASCP) — specialist in blood banking certified by the american society for clinical pathology
• MLC — Midline Catheter
• ABPS — American Board of Plastic Surgery, Inc.
• TNS — Trauma Nurse Specialist
• L — Low
• FCAP — fellow of the college of american pathologists
• CNA — Certified in Nursing Administration
• CAA — crystalline amino acids
• QA — British Army slang/abbreviation for member of the Queen Alexander's Royal Army Nursing Corp usually a nurse.
• CPDN — Certified Peritoneal Dialysis Nurse
• AFB — acid-fast bacillia
• HD — Hemodialysis
• CB — Bachelor of Surgery
• RAE — Right Atrial Enlargement
• VA — Visual Acuity
• AAS — Acute Abdominal Series
• LAE — Left Atrial Enlargement
• SCCM — Society of Critical Care Medicine's
• RCN — Royal College of Nursing
• RN,C — Registered Nurse, Certified: American Academy Certified Nurse
• NCNR — National Center for Nursing Research
• NAS — No Added Salt
• W/C — Wheel Chair
• PI — Present Illness
• LNFA — Licensed Nursing Facility Administrator
• NWW — Nurse with Wound
• ANM — Auxiliary Nurse Midwives
• MICN — Mobile Intensive Care Nurse
• BVMS — Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine and Science
• NG TUBE — nasogastic tube
• CNNP — Certified Neonatal Nurse Practitioner
• ABPN — American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc.
• BS — breath sound
• IBS — Irritable Bowel Syndrome
• LNCC — Legal Nurse Consultant Certified
• ABTS — American Board of Thoracic Surgery
• APNP — Advanced Paediatric Nurse Practitioner
• ONC — Orthopedic Nurse Certified
• GB — Gallbladder
• CARNA — College and Association of Registered Nurses of Alberta
• ASA — American Subcontractors Association
• PKU — Phenylketonuria
• CURN — Certified Urology Registered Nurse
• R — Respirations

• PCCN — Progressive Care Certified Nurse
• ABIM — American Board of Internal Medicine
• CRRN-A — certified rehabilitation registered nurse – advanced
• CTN — Certified Transcultural Nurse
• CMCN — Certified Managed Care Nurse
• FRCPC — fellow of the royal college of physicians of canada
• IVC — Intravenous cholangiogram
• SEGS — segmented white blood cells
• DKA — Don't Know Anything
• ROM — rupture of membranes
• BPH — Benign Prostate Hypertrophy
• ENPC — Emergency Nursing Pediatric Course
• NNP — Neonatal Nurse Practition
• TX — Transplantation
• INTENSIVE CARE UNIT — ICU
• L&A — Light And Accommodation
• RRMS — relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
• JCAHO — Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations
• CPNP — Certified Pediatric Nurse Practioner
• DDR — Diploma in Diagnostic Radiology
• T&H — type and hold
• RR — Recovery Room
• ND — Doctor of Naturopathy
• SNOOP — Systematic Nurses Observation of Psychopathology
• UPJ — Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction
• PNS — Peripheral Nervous Systems
• A&P — ausculationa and percussion
• DPHN — Doctor of Public Health Nursing
• TV — Tidal Volume
• PMRAFNS — Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service
• LINCT — Liasion in Nursing Care Transition
• DVSC — Doctor of Veterinary Science
• FES — FNS)/functional electrical stimulation
• OS — LEFT EYE
• ABNM — American Board of Nuclear Medicine
• VHN — Village Health Nurse
• MP(ASCP) — medical technologist in molecular pathology certified by the american society for clinical pathology board of registry
• SUI — Stress Urinary Incontinence
• ABNS — American Board of Neurological Surgery
• ABOG — american board of obstetrics and gynecology
• ABOS — American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inc.
• SPN — Student Professional Nurse
• NAR — Nurse Assistant Registered
• RLL — right lower lobe (lung)
• PA — posteroanterior
• CHEMO — ChemoTherapy
• TIL — Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes
• NPP — Nurse Practitioner, Psychiatric
• SZ — Seizure
• CCTRN — Certified Critical Care Transportation Nurse

• GERD — Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease
• NFNA — National Flight Nurses Association
• CPAN — Certified Post Anesthesia Nurse
• NSO — Nurses Service Organization
• CHRN — Certified Hyperbaric Registered Nurse
• BRONCH — bronchoscopy
• ABPM — American Board of Preventive Medicine
• TED — (hose) Thrombo-embolism Deterrent
• RM — Respiratory Movement
• CFRN — Certified Flight Registered Nurse
• CAT — Computed Axial Tomography
• VC — Vital Capacity (lung Function)
• DPM — Doctor of Psychiatric Medicine
• CANP — Certified Adult Nurse Practitioner
• GNA — Geriatric Nursing Assistant
• DT — delirium tremen
• MRL — medical records librarian
• CBI — Certificate in Breast Imaging
• LTB — Laryngotracheal Bronchitis
• WN — Well Nourished
• NCH — The Nurse Candy Hart
• CNI — Clinical Nursing Intern
• AP — Apical Pulse
• MRAD — Master of Radiology
• LV — left ventricle of the heart
• PP — Postprandial
• NT — NasoTracheal
• RML — right middle lobe (lung)
• NED — no evidence of disease
• OD — eye doctor
• PH — Past History
• CMDSC — Certified MDS Coordinator
• CNR — Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation
• SBS — Short Bowel Syndrome
• ETT — Exercise Tolerance Test
• BNA — Basic Nursing Assistant
• HAST — High Altitude Simulation Test
• ROS — Review Of System
• VCUG — Voiding Cystourethrogram
• SPECT — Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Technique
• PMH — Previous Medical History
• MLE — Midline Episiotomy
• CAP — Capsule
• ADN — associate degree nursing
• HCV — anti-Hepatitis C Virus
• CS — Cesarean Section
• MCHN — Maternal and Child Health Nurse
• P — Plan
• CNLCP — Certified Nurse Life Care Planner
• CL — Cleft Lip

• ITP — Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
• FASA — Federated Ambulatory Surgery Association (nonprofit association representing the interests of ambulatory surgery centers)
• VLDL — Very Low Density Lipoprotein
• A-P — Anterior-Posterior
• NANNM — National Association of Nigeria Nurses and Midwives
• PARA — paracentesis
• AMON — Association of Maltese Orthopaedic Nurses
• ABCRS — American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery
• CNE — Certified Nurse Educator
• ABOTO — American Board of Otolaryngology
• DIFF — Different
• LA — Left Atrium
• V/S — Vital Signs
• BM — Bone Marrow
• CFN — Certified Forensic Nurse
• WOCN — Wound, Ostomy, Continence Nurses
• RNC — Registered Nurse Clinician
• ABAI — American Board of Allergy & Immunology
• BHSC NSG — Bachelor Health Science
• FANY — First Aid Nursing Yeomanry
• PNC — Pakistan Nursing Council
• FAAPM — Fellow, American Academy of Pain Management
• SR — Sedimentation Rate
• TNP — Telephone Nursing Practitioner
• CFCN — Certified Foot Care Nurse
• TNTC — Too Numerous To Mention
• RTR(ARRT) — registered radiography technologist
• SERM — Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator
• CCTN — Certified Clinical Transplant Nurse
• CPNA — Certified Pediatric Nurse Associate
• PM — Postmortem
• AVB — Atrio-Ventricular Block
• GNP — Gerontological Nurse Practitioner
• JAN — Journal of Advanced Nursing
• NLE — Nursing Licensure Examination
• CSW — Certified Social Worker
• PMHNP — Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner
• CX — chest X-ray
• VNA — Visiting Nursing Association
• ANA-PAC — American Nurses Association-Political Action Committee
• LNP — Licensed Nurse Practitioners
• ABFP — American Board of Family Practice
• PM — Afternoon
• VW — Vessel Wall
• LPN — Licensed practical nurses
• P/O — postoperative
• RDA LEVEL I — registered dental assistant level i
• MSCD — master of dental science
• PR — by rectum
• PMHCNS — Psychiatric Mental Health Clinical Nurse Specialist

• TO — Telephone Order
• HSV-1 — Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
• FUO — fever of unknown origin
• ASN — associate in science in nursing degree
• PX — Pneumothorax
• MHN — Mental Health Nurse
• SG — Swan-Ganz Catheter
• NOSCA — Nurses Observation Scale Cognitive Abilities
• HNIC — Head Nurse In Charge
• PREP — Prepare
• CLNC — Certified Legal Nurse Consultant
• NLC — Nurse Licensure Compact
• HBV — anti-hepatitis B virus
• PCM — Palliative Care Management
• AD — Autonomic dysreflexia
• CYSTO — Cystoscopy
• CT — chest tube
• OSNA — Oregon School Nurses Association
• TU — Tuberculin Units
• MRM — Modified Radical Mastectomy
• TNCC — Trauma Nursing Core Course
• OC — oral contraceptives
• IMPAC — Integrated Management of Pregnancy and Childbirth
• ANAC — Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada
• BC — Board Certified
• NS — Nurses Station
• COHN/CM — Certified Occupational Health Nurse/Case Manager
• GDN — Graduate Diploma in Nursing
• FAANP — Fellow of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
• NSL — Nursing Student Loans
• MCHC — Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration
• CHRN — certified hyperbaric nurse
• FD — Fatal Dose
• ENT — Ear Nose Throath
• GN — Graduate Nurse
• CDDN — Certified Developmental Disabilities Nurse
• MSCN — Multiple Sclerosis Certified Nurse
• LBP — Low Blood Pressure
• ASRN — American Society of Registered Nurses
• SOAP — subjective data, ovjective data, assessment, plan
• MEMERG NSG — Masters Degree in Emergency Nursing Australia
• ABD — American Board of Dermatology, Inc.
• ADM — Advanced Diabetes Management
• F&R — Force And Rhythm
• WBC — Whole Body Count
• BVSC — Bachelor of Veterinary Science
• PP — after meals
• TRUS — Transrectal Ultrasound
• BNA — Baromedical Nurses Association
• ACS — acute coronary syndroms

• SPMS — Secondary Preogressive Multiple Sclerosis
• ABOP — American Board of Ophthalmology
• MRDD — Mental Retarded/Developmentally Disabled
• NIXR — Nurse initiated x rays
• ACCN — American College of Cardiovascular Nursing
• PE TUBE — pressure-equalizing tube
• SB — spina bifida
• B/K — Below Knee
• BRN — Biological Research for Nursing
• ABU — American Board of Urology
• BR — Bed Rest
• KT — kinesio therapy
• APS — American Pain Society
• NFP — Nurse Family Partnership
• LIJ — Left Internal Jugular
• NAINA — National Association of Indian Nurses of America
• IPN — Intervention Project for Nurses
• MCH — Mean Cell Hemoglobin
• SANE-P — Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner-Pediatric
• CUA — Certified Urologic Associate
• P — Para
• MHN — Mental Health Nursing
• TP — Tuberculin Precipitation
• D & C — dilatation and curettage
• LSN — Licensed School Nurse
• ASIA — American Spinal Injury Association
• ANF — Australian Nursing Federation
• A-A — Alveolar to arterial
• RP — Retrograde Pyelogram
• PCN — Primary Care Nurse
• NOA — Nursing Organization Alliance
• LRN — Low Risk Neonatal
• NPD — Nightly Peritoneal Dialysis
• VT — Very Terminal
• SVN — Society for Vascular Nursing
• HPV — Human Papiloma Virus
• APIC — Association for Practitioners in Infection Control
• SGNA — Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates
• STS — Serological Test for Syphilis
• V/Q — Ventilation/Perfusion
• T1 — first thoracic vertebra
• ENA — Emergency Nurses Association's
• U/O — under observation for, urine output
• RBP — retinol:retinol-binding protein
• SCI/D — spinal cord injury and disorder
• DPM — Doctor of Preventive Medicine
• VF/VFIB — Ventricular Fibrillation
• PERL — Pupils Equal React to Light
• BPH — Bachelor of Public Health
• KUB — Kidney, Urether and Bladder

• C&S — culture adn sensitivity
• MUSE — Medicated Urethral System Erection
• PND — Postnasal Drip
• IANA — International Academic Nursing Alliance
• RTN(ARRT) — registered nuclear medicine technologist
• IM — Infectious Mononucleosis
• ACN — Association of Camp Nurses
• TNMC — Tanzania Nursing and Midwifery Council
• RHD — Relative Hepatic Dullness
• PA — Pulmonary Artery
• PAO2 — arterial pressure of oxygen in the blood
• BRM — immunomodulators/biologic response modifiers
• CRNL — Certified Registered Nurse, Long-term care
• EMA — Early Morning Awakening
• RTNM — registered technologist in nuclear medicine
• ECMO — extrcoporeal membrane oxygenator
• MMR — measles, mumps, and rubella
• ANI — Alliance for Nursing Informatics
• MMEF — maximal mid expiratory flow
• PICC — peripherally-inserted central venous catheter
• NLN — National League of Nursing
• AFN — advanced forensic nursing
• OU — each eye
• ZE — Zollinger-Ellison
• TENS — Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator
• LBL — Light Bladder Leakage
• WD — Well Developed
• FNA — Florida Nurses Association
• SAA — synthetic amino acid
• LYMPHS — Lymphocytes
• ABN — Alabama Board of Nursing
• ALNC — Advanced Legal Nurse Consultant
• SSNP — Secondary School Nursing Program
• SP.GR. — Specific Gravity
• CNM — choose a nurse midwife
• PCNS — Pediatric Clinical Nurse Specialist
• HSV-2 — herpes simplex virus type 2
• VT/VTACH — Ventricular Tachycardia
• MS — Mental Status
• AORN — Association of Operating Room Nurses
• NIC — Nursing Interventions Classification
• CLNI — Certified Legal Nurse Investigator
• CTIC — Computed Tomography Imaging Certificate
• TOPV — Trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
• STNA — State Tested Nurse Aide
• NMC — Nursing & Midwifery Council
• CATN-P — Course in Advanced Trauma Nursing - Provider
• TNCC-I — Trauma Nursing Core Course Instructor
• LLQ — Lower Left Quadrant
• LNAC — Local Nursing Advisory Council

• ACHRN — advanced certified hyperbaric nurse
• ECHO — echoardiogram
• LUL — left upper quadrant
• GRAV. 1 — first pregnancy
• DPM — Doctor of Physical Medicine
• PROCTO — Proctoscopy
• MANE — Minnesota Alliance for Nursing Education
• ABS — american board of surgery
• AEVNT — Academy of Equine Veterinary Nursing Technicians
• SHN — Sexual and reproductive Health Nurse
• MCPS — member of the college of physicians and surgeons
• NIP — Nursing in Public
• INO — Irish Nurses Organisation
• TNM — Tumor, Node, Metastases
• PND — Post Nasal Drainage
• GNA — Georgia Nurses Association
• RNF — Rehabilitation Nursing Foundation
• BSN — Bachelors of Science in nursing
• ONQ — Order of Nurses of Quebec
• FDSRCSENG — fellow in dental surgery of the royal college of surgeons of england
• GA — Gallium
• DCCT — Diabetes Control And Complication Trials
• UUN — Urinary urea nitrogen
• PTCA — percuatneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
• MOABS — Monoclonal Antibodies
• ARNA — American Radiological Nurses Association
• LVN — Licensed Vocational Nurses
• EMC — Ensephalomyocarditis
• RTMR — registered technologist in magnetic resonance
• HSY — hysterosalpinggography
• NFNF — Nurses for Newborns Foundation
• FRCGP — fellow of the royal college of general practitioners
• POD — post-op day
• S&E — Sugar and Acetone
• PPMS — Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
• CRGS — canadian registered general sonographer
• NRSI — NURSING RESEARCH SOCIETY OF INDIA
• NRM — No Regular Medications
• ENF — Executive Nurse Fellows
• PARA 1 — woman having produced one viableoffspring
• CAGE — cut down, annoyed, guilty, eye opener
• GSN — GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NURSING
• VF — Visual Field
• C1 — first cervical verebra
• PAO2 — alveolar oxygen
• PNCB — Pediatric Nursing Certification Board
• NA — Nursing Assistant
• ANIA — American Nursing Informatics Association
• APNA — American Psychiatric Nurses Association's
• MM HG — milimiter of mercury

• PND — paroxysmal nocturnal dyspne
• L2 — second lumbar vertebra
• CPNL — Certified Practical Nurse, Long-term care
• PDD — Pervasive Development Disorder
• EAA — essential amino acidsolution
• DO — Doctor of Optometry
• CPNE — Clinical Performance in Nursing Examination
• RPFT — Registered Pulmonary Function Technologist
• NNA — Nevada Nurses Association
• CENP — Certified in Executive Nursing Practice
• ASPMN — American Society of Pain Management Nurses
• WPW — Wolf-Parkinson-White
• LNHA — Louisiana Nursing Home Association
• ARNP — Advance Registered Nurse Practitioner
• UAC — Uric Acid
• SGGT — Serum Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase
• APNI — Advanced Practice Nursing Immersion
• S2 — second sacral vertebra
• PACO2 — arterial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood
• CS — Clinical Specialist
• NFLPN — National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses
• AEJNE — Australian Electronic Journal of Nursing Education
• MSCPH — master of science in public health
• NAJ — Nurses Association of Jamaica
• APSF — Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation
• SMA — Sequential Multiple Analyser
• BT — Bowel Tones
• BSPH — Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy
• FNS — Frontier Nursing Service
• T2 — second thoracic vertebra
• ANM — Auxiliary Nurse Mid-wife
• NCSN — National Certified School Nurse
• MRSA — methicillin resistant staph aureus
• CKD — chronic kidney diseaase
• RNCS — Registered Nurse Certified Specialist
• CATN-I — Course in Advanced Trauma Nursing - Instituteuctor
• CRNI — Certified Registered Nurse Intravenous
• DFA — Difficulty Falling Asleep
• NPA — Nurse Practitioner Association
• PSNA — Pennsylvania State Nurses Association
• BNI — British Nursing Index
• ENM — European Nursing Module
• PANA — Pennsylvania Association of Nurse Anesthetists
• DNI — Dallas Nursing Institute
• MDI — Multiple Daily Vitamin
• RNLD — Registered Nurses Learning Disabilities
• RTR — registered technologist in radiological technology
• FCN — Family and Child Nursing
• CM — master of surgery
• SED. RATE — erthrocyte sedimentation rate

• BSN — bachelor of science nursing
• BFN — Berry Family of Nurseries
• CAT — Computerized Tomography Scan
• ONP — Overseas Nursing Programme
• PNCA — Parent Nurse Controlled Analgesia
• SIMV — synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation
• DOE — dyspne on exdrtion
• JODM — Juvenile Onset Diabetes Mellitus
• SIRS — systemic lupus erythematosus
• BNI — Best Nurses International
• S1 — first sacral vertebra
• LMCC — licentiate of the medical council of canada
• ACN — Australian College of Nursing
• NNCC — Nephrology Nursing Certification Commission
• STNA — State Tested Nurses Assistant
• HN — Health Nurse
• MYOP — Myopia
• HIPAA — health insurance portability and accountabilityact
• T&A — tonsillectomy and adenoidecotomy
• MN — Master in Nursing
• BNGE — Bachelor of Nursing Graduate Entry
• TUPR — Trans-urethral Prostatic Resection
• NTT — Nursery Teacher Training
• NCSBN — National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc.
• SBON — State Board of Nursing
• KNAP — Kansas Nurses Assistance Program
• CLN — Connecticut League for Nursing
• AHNA — American Holistic Nurses Association's
• RNC — Registered Nurse Consultant
• CINA — Canadian Intravenous Nurses Association
• I&O — intake and outake
• FRCOG — fellow of the royal college of obstetricians and gynaecologists
• COCN — certified continence care nurse
• TNCC-P — Trauma Nursing Core Course Provider
• NSP — nurse scholars program
• MSSA — methicillin-sensitive staph aureus
• LB — large bowel
• PPS — post-polio syndrome
• FRCPATH — fellow of the royal college of pathologists
• PCA — posterior communicating artery
• NIC — Neonatal Intensive Care nurse
• ABNS — American Board Nursing Specialties
• RNA — Restorative Nursing Aide
• PTHC — percutanous transhepatic cholangiogram
• PAP SMEAR — Papanicolaou smear
• HNF — Home Nursing Foundation
• PP — pulsus paradoxus
• RNP — Recovering Nurse Program
• NOC — Nursing Outcomes Classification
• CATN-I — Course in Advanced Trauma Nursing - Instructor

• UMB — navel
• L1 — First Lumbar Vertebra
• OAN — Oregon Association of Nurseries
• CANSA — Consolidated Association of Nurses in Substance Abuse
• RIPRN — Rural and Isolated Practice Registered Nurses
• CRCS — Canadian Registered Cardiac Sonographer
• ENW — Emergency Nursing World
• ITN — In The Nursery
• DCHO — doctor of ophthalmic surgery
• BDENTSCI — bachelor of dental science
• ECD — External Continence Device
• HNA — Hawaii Nurses Association
• PDN — Private Duty Nursing
• GMNS — Garden Manor Nursery School
• TURBT — TUR bladder tumors
• OHN — Occupational Health Nurses
• NMAC — Nursing Mothers Advisory Council
• NCNS — Nightingale Center for Nursing Scholarship
• NAD — No Active Disease
• FONE — Florida Organization of Nurse Executives
• BPSO — Best Practice Spotlight Organization
• OS — mouth
• KANS — Kansas Association of Nursing Students
• PDNP — Postgraduate Diploma in Nursing Practice
• ANP — Association for Nurse Prescribing
• INAM — Institute of Nursing and Midwifery
• NNEB — National Nursery Examination Board
• EPSW — Enhanced Personal Support Worker
• NAD — No Acute Disease
• CIN — Computers, Informatics, Nursing
• BNF — Baptist Nursing Fellowship
• NANDA — North American Nursing Diagnoses Association
• MHAUS — Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States
• OTNC — Operating Theatre Nursing Course
• INLA — Idaho Nursery and Landscape Association
• PS — Pyloric Stenosis
• MTNC — Mountain Trace Nursing Center
• MAST — medical antishock trousers
• SANE — Sex Assault Nurse Examiner
• JPN — Journal of Professional Nursing
• MONE — Michigan Organization of Nurse Executives
• FICD — fellow of the international college of dentists
• DHG — doctor of hygiene
• ENSA — Endocrine Nurses Society Of Australia
• PA-C — physician assistant-certified
• PS — pulmonic stenosis
• CFNA — Center for Nursing Advancement
• CML — cutaneous malignant lymphomas
• CANP — California Association for Nurse Practitioners
• DPH — Doctor of Public Hygiene

• KBN — Kentucky Board of Nursing
• NS — Nursing Student
• CANA — California Association of Nurse Anesthetists
• MCNR — Mansfield Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation
• MNA — Medication Nursing Assistant
• TNCC-I — Trauma Nursing Core Course Instituteuctor
• ENS — Engineering Nursing and Science
• DMCH — Department of Maternal and Child Health
• SRNA — State Registered Nurse Aide
• HIB — Hemophilus Influenza B
• VONE — Virginia Organization of Nurse Executives
• TD — tetanus-diphtheria toxoid
• CCNB — California Citrus Nursery Board
• GPN — Graduated Practical Nurse
• ACNM — American College of Nurse-Midwives
• DNP — Doctor of Nursing Program
• RNFA — Registerd Nurse First Assistant
• ASNA — Alabama State Nurses Association
• BMEDBIOL — Bachelor of Medical Biology
• NFN — National Federation of Nurses
• MLNA — Missouri Landscape and Nursery Association
• DDSCIM — doctor of science in industrial medicine
• BO — Bachelor of Osteopathy
• CAEN — Collaboration for Academic Education in Nursing
• BLDN — Burton Latimer Day Nursery
• PI — pulmonic insufficiency disease
• CAPN — Community Advanced Practice Nurses
• MCHC — mean corpuscular hemoglobing concentration
• CENA — College of Emergency Nursing Australasia
• WNA — Wisconsin Nursery Association
• RVH — right ventricular hyperthrophy
• NEF — Nurses Educational Funds
• TEP — Transesophageal Puncture
• ANSR — Americans for Nursing Shortage Relief
• MSPH — master of science in pharmacy
• OHNC — Occupational Health Nurse Consultant
• NAFA — Nurse Anesthesia Faculty Associates
• AINS — Artificial Intelligent Nursery Systems
• INET — Innovative Nursing Education Technologies
• NMW — Nurse Midwife women
• ECNS — Epiphany Community Nursery School
• DIPCLINPATH — diploma in clinical pathology
• MDENTSC — master of dental science
• NACN — National Association of Catholic Nurses
• PACS — picture achival communications system
• LNC — Legal Nurse Consultants
• ELISA — enzyme linke immunosorbet assay
• DRMED — doctor of medicine
• STNA — State Tested Nursing AssistantFull
• PRO TIME — prothromibin time

• KCNA — King County Nurses Association
• RSC — Right Subclavian
• XRT — X-Ray Therapy
• ACE — angiotensing coronary syndromes
• RU — resin uptake
• NPRC — Nursing Practice Research Council
• PAT — paroxysymal atrial tachycardia
• SINI — Summer Institute in Nursing Informatics
• SVN — Student Veterinary Nurse
• TBG — Total Binding Globulin
• INHL — Institute for Nursing Healthcare Leadership
• NNA — Nebraska Nurses Association
• KANS — Kentucky Association of Nursing Students
• RUG — retrograde urethogram
• FNCN — Florence Nightingale College of Nursing
• DIPCHEM — diploma in chemistry
• DSSC — Diploma in Sanitary Science
• MNA — Mississippi Nurses Association
• GANA — Georgia Association of Nurse Anesthetists
• SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrom
• COHC — Certified Occupational Hearing Conservationalist
• TOMOS — Tomograms
• WNA — Wyoming Nurses Association
• AP — Abdominal-perineal
• MNLA — Michigan Nursery and Landscape Association
• SAMBA — Society of Ambulatory Anesthesiologists
• GRECC — Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers
• CPD — cephalopelvic desproportion
• BDNA — Bangladesh Diploma Nurses Association
• ITNS — International Transplant Nurses Society
• LEEP — loop electrocautery excision procedure
• CMS — Certificate in Management Studies
• JNA — Japanese Nursing Association
• MN — Maternal Newborn
• ENSG — European Nursing Students Group
• KCN — Kamuzu College of Nursing
• NURSE — Nursing
• TMJ — Temporo-Mandibular Joint
• NCNHR — National Coalition of Nursing Home Reform
• DPHC — Doctor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
• NCNS — Neighborhood Cooperative Nursery School
• DNP — differentiated nursing practice
• C2 — second cervical verebra
• NV — nausea/vomiting
• LDH — lactate dehdrogenase
• MNUM — Municipal Nurse Unit Manager
• VSNA — Vermont State Nurses' Association, Inc.
• YNA — Your Nursing Agency
• BCNU — Bacteria-Controlled Nursing Unit
• DIPSOCMED — diploma in social medicine

• ME — Menopause Educator
• PPNS — Pennington Presbyterian Nursery School
• DOSC — doctor of optical science
• HNC — certified holistic nurse
• IBON — Iowa Board of Nursing
• CNA — Certified Nursing Assistance
• IENA — Inland Empire Nurses Association
• BP — Bachelor of Pharmacy
• FANA — Florida Association of Nurse Anesthetists
• SMO — Slips Made Out
• HIV — human immunodeficieency virus
• KNA — Kentucky Nurses Association
• NCNS — Northbrook Community Nursery School
• NMCM — Nurses and Midwives Council of Malawi
• WD — Wound
• OSNA — Oregon Student Nurses Association
• ASNA — Alaska School Nurses Association
• GNC — Gerontological Nurses Chapter
• RTT — registered radiation therapist
• NFW — Nurses Foundation of Wisconsin
• NPNS — Novato Parents Nursery School
• CFRN — certified emergency flight nurse
• LSC — Left Subclavian
• RX — Pharmacy
• ASNP — Army Student Nurse Program
• DEPN — Direct Entry Program in Nursing
• TXHHP — Texas Home Health Provider
• RRA — registered record librarian
• SNLA — Saskatchewan Nursery Landscape Association
• DNSO — Doctoral Nursing Student Organization
• CCEMTP — Critical Care Emergency Medical Transport Program
• SNS — Supplementary Nursing System
• HENRY — Hospices Education Nurses Research And You
• TCN — Trail Creek Nursery
• IVNS — Incline Village Nursery School
• FSH — follicle-stimulation hormone
• KS — Kaposi sarcoma
• MONE — Maryland Organization of Nurse Executives
• HOBOE — Head-of-Bed Optimization of Elevation
• QS — quantity required
• MNA — Maryland Nurses Association
• NNP — Nebraska Nurse Practitioners
• VNS — Visiting Nurse Service, Inc
• NP — Nurse Practioner
• PCI — percutaneous cornary interventions
• MONO — moncytes
• SPNS — Sequoia Parents Nursery School
• DNP — Doctoral of Nursing Practice
• MNLA — Massachusetts Nursery and Landscape Association
• NCNA — Northern California Nursing Academy

• NIRC — Nursing Information Resource Center
• CRTS — certified recreational therapy specialist
• SSNF — Scottish Stroke Nurses Forum
• SRPN — Siskiyou Rare Plant Nursery
• CINAHL — Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature
• INSB — International Nursery School Belgrade
• INR — International Nursing Review
• BNAA — Blessing Nurses Alumni Association
• PALP — palpale
• ECNS — Emergency Communication Nurse System
• ANAC — Association of Nurses in AIDS Care
• DP — Doctor of Podiatry
• OSNA — Orono Student Nurses Association
• IVNS — Indian Valley Nursery School
• NNU — National Nurses United
• CONRAD — College of Nursing Reali Assistance Device
• BPHENG — bachelor of public health engineering
• VSD — ventrivular septal defect
• CNA — Certifed Nursing Assistant
• CRVS — canadian registered vascular sonographer
• VENT — Volunteer Educators And Nursery Trainers
• BMIC — Bachelor of Microbiology
• POPLIT — Popliteal
• TNA — Tennessee Nurses Association
• ISPN — International Standards for Professional Nurses
• HNC — Hyperbaric Nurse Clinician
• NV — Nausea & Vomiting
• ASNG — Auckland School Nurses Group
• FTPN — Fast Track Practical Nursing
• NCE — Nursing Continuing Education
• DTR — Dietetic Technician, Registered
• PPNS — Palisades Presbyterian Nursery School
• RAD — right atrial axis deviation
• CNLP — Certified Nursery And Landscape Professional
• STREP — streptococci
• SHINE — share Holding In Nursery Education
• NCNS — Norwood Cooperative Nursery School
• SCON — Symbiosis College of Nursing
• ONW — Office of Nursing Workforce
• ENL — Emerging Nurse Leader
• PKU — phenyketonuria
• NBCSN — National Board for Certification of School Nursing
• RNS — Rheumatology Nurses Society
• DDOSC — doctor of ocular science
• BC — Bowel Care
• MHAN — Mental Health Addiction Nurse
• DSM — diagnostic & statistical manual
• ECNS — Elizabethtown Community Nursery School
• WSDN — World Society of Disaster Nursing
• NCNA — North Carolina Nurses Association

• CAM — Complementary Alternative Medicine
• NM — Nurse Manager
• SRPN — Southern Regional Performance Nursery
• INPS — Iowa Nurse Practitioner Society
• DRPH — Doctor of Public Hygiene
• STI — sexually transitted infection
• NICN — Neonatal Intensive Care Nursey
• NNCC — National Nursing Centers Consortium
• MINNZ — Medical Imaging Nurses New Zealand
• NAIG — Nursing Activities Interest Group
• ESWL — extracoporeal shockwave lithotripsy
• KNS — Kensington Nursery School
• MH — Marital History
• NSGA — Nursing Student Government Association
• DFHOM — diploma from a faculty of homeopathy
• ICPN — International Chili Pepper Nursery
• NWD — Nursing Workforce Diversity
• NIWI — Nurse in Washington Internship
• WSDN — West Side Day Nursery
• GRAV. 3 — third pregnancy
• LYTES — electolytes
• VCUG — voiding cystourethorgram
• MNLA — Maryland Nursery and Landscape Association
• NMHC — Nurse Managed Health Centers
• KPNM — Kansas Parish Nurse Ministry
• CNA — Career Nursing Assistant
• NNEB — National Nursery Education Board
• APN — Agrabah Palace Nursery
• RPMS — relapsing-progressive multiple sclerosis
• NPNS — Noroton Presbyterian Nursery School
• LPNI — Lutheran Parish Nurses International
• TSH — thyroid-stimulation hormone
• US — Ultrasonic
• PSNA — PhD Student Nurses Association
• VF — ventricular fibrilalltion
• PNAA — Philippine Nurses Association of America
• LVAD — left ventricle assist device
• CNT — Certified Nursing Technician
• AB — anitbody
• MTNC — McMahon Tomlinson Nursing Center
• TIA — tranient ischemic attack
• UGI — upper gastointestinal
• MM — Mucous Membrane
• TGN — The Green Nursery
• NSNA — National Student Nurses' Association
• NIPM — Nursery Inspection Procedures Manual
• NEGP — Nurse Education Grant Program
• RT — recreational therapy
• UNSO — Undergraduate Nursing Student Organization
• INHO — Irish Nursing Homes Organisation

• NANPA — North Alabama Nurse Practitioner Association
• GRAV. 2 — fsecond pregnancy
• DIPMICROBIOL — diploma in microbiology
• OCNS — Osgoode Cooperative Nursery School
• TNP — Texas Nurse Practitioners
• STAPH — staphyloccci
• SH — serum hepatis
• OSNA — Orvis Student Nurses Association
• WHN — Wildlife Habitat Nursery
• NMHC — Nurse Managed Health Clinics
• RINS — Research in Nursing Skills
• XRT — radiotion thearpy
• WNAC — Washington Nursing Action Coalition
• NF — Nursing Foundation
• BNFP — Bilingual Nursing Fellows Program
• OSNA — Oshkosh Student Nurses Association
• DPHYS — diploma in physiotherapy
• NLH — Nathan Littauer Hospital & Nursing Home
• TAB — thearaputic abortion
• RRR — regular rate and rythm
• PVR — post voiding residual
• SCRN — Stroke Certified Registered Nurse
• SPNO — Student Practical Nurse Organization
• MNLA — Minnesota Nursery and Landscape Association
• DIP — Diplomacy
• MI — Mitral Insufficiency
• NO — Nursing Officer
• NFEG — Nursing Faculty Education Guide
• MRA — magnetic rsonance angiograpy
• PP — after birth
• GRAV.3 — third pregnancy
• PET — positive emmision tomography
• OGNP — Obestetrics & Gynecology Nurse Practitioner
• IT — interthecal
• RIA — radioimmunoassary
• KHNH — Keweenaw Home Nursing Hospice
• RN — racy nurse
• GRAV.2 — second pregnancy
• LV — left venticle
• MCH — mean corpuscular hemoglovin
• ORTH — orthodpeics
• DIPBACT — diploma in bacteriology
• MVP — mitarl valve prolapse
• PVC — permature ventricular contraction
• MD — muscular dystorphy

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